Generally they won't be able to unless you know about it and agreed to it with your signature. The exception could be if it was purchased when you were a minor child. In that case, it would be a parent, grandparent or someone with a guardian relationship with you. You should ask those people.
There is no real database to find such information.
Agent Owner, Gilmore Insurance Services, Marysville, Washington State
If a family member has coverage on you, they would be the ones to ask. Their ability to purchase coverage on you would depend on insurable interest. Insurable interest would apply to your parents, grandparents and some extended family members.
Regarding employers, at one time they could insure employees without their knowledge. In fact a very large retailer did this at one time with the thought of profitability from the death of employees as the main consideration. Needless to say, once discovered the laws changed and secret insurance was no longer legal to carry upon an employee.
So outside of family, there is no one who legally can own life insurance on you without your consent.
The only way you could have life insurance on your life without knowing it would be if you parents or custodial stewards bought it when you were a minor. Every insured adult applicant requires a degree of competence to sign as the insured whether family, business, charitable giving…it doesn't matter.
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There is no real database to find such information.
Regarding employers, at one time they could insure employees without their knowledge. In fact a very large retailer did this at one time with the thought of profitability from the death of employees as the main consideration. Needless to say, once discovered the laws changed and secret insurance was no longer legal to carry upon an employee.
So outside of family, there is no one who legally can own life insurance on you without your consent.